This statement, however, was only in dictum, and does not fall into the category of binding precedent. 这份声明,但仅在判词中,不属于有约束力的先例。
After descibing practical rules of application in different courts, it emphases that the binding part in a precedent actually is ratio decidendi and discusses the method of distincting it. 遵循先例的规则及哲学基础。在介绍了遵循先例原则在不同法院的操作规则后,着重指出先例中具有法律效力的乃是判决理由,并讨论了如何识别判决中的判决理由。